Whistleblowing channels in groups of companies
In Portugal, Law no. 93/2021 of 20 December, which establishes the General Regime for the Protection of Whistleblowers, arising from the Whistleblower Directive (Directive (EU) 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019), and reinforced by the General Regime for the Prevention of Corruption and Related Offences, approved by Decree-Law […]
The complementarity of intellectual property regimes
Copyright seeks to protect literary and artistic works and encompasses both economic rights and personal rights, known as moral rights. Its primary function is the protection of intellectual creation as a cultural and creative expression. Industrial Property rights, in turn, aim to grant exclusive market rights over distinctive signs, inventions, and industrial designs or models, […]
Recognition of Professional Qualifications in the Construction Sector in Portugal: What Changes for Civil Engineers and the Sector?
On 6 January 2026, Law No. 3/2026 was published, completing the transposition of Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications and introducing the third amendment to Law No. 31/2009. This legal framework establishes the professional qualifications required of the professionals responsible for the preparation and signing of projects, site management, and construction supervision in […]
Dation in Payment Between Spouses under the Community of Property Regime: How to Protect Assets and Prevent Future Disputes
In today’s context, where marriages frequently occur at older ages, it is common for one spouse to already own real estate prior to marriage. In such cases, the couple may choose to enter into a prenuptial agreement, opting for a universal community property regime (Comunhão Geral de Bens), in which case the property would become […]
Biometrics through the lens of the GDPR
Biometric data fall within a special category of personal data under the GDPR and are defined as personal data resulting from specific technical processing relating to the physical, physiological or behavioral characteristics of a natural person, which allow or confirm the unique identification of that person. It should be noted that these characteristics are intrinsically […]
Medicina satisfactiva y curativa: impacto en la intensidad del deber de información al paciente
En el ámbito de la responsabilidad sanitaria, la valoración del cumplimiento de la lex artis –esto es, la obligación de emplear los medios adecuados conforme al conocimiento científico disponible– exige distinguir si la actuación médica se enmarca en la llamada medicina curativa o en la medicina satisfactiva. Esta diferenciación no es meramente terminológica: tiene consecuencias […]
Does the Agency Contract Law apply to unwritten distribution, concession, and franchise agreements?
The multiplicity of commercial contracts, even verbal ones, whose termination regime determines the application, by analogy, of the regime provided for in the Agency Contract Law—particularly regarding compensation for failure to comply with the notice period and client indemnity—their relevance in business life and the growing number of legal actions that the litigation department of […]
Do You Distribute Cosmetic Products in Portugal? Know Your Legal Obligations
Any distributor marketing products under their own name or brand in Portugal is considered the “responsible person” and must notify their products via the Cosmetic Products Notification Portal (CPNP). Under Portuguese law, a “Distributor” is defined as a commercial intermediary who makes a product available within the European Union without being the manufacturer or importer. […]
La protección del paciente ante fallos organizativos en los servicios sanitarios
Introducción Desde la perspectiva del Derecho del Seguro, la interposición de acciones de responsabilidad por una actuación médica inadecuada exige acreditar los elementos que configuran dicha responsabilidad, tanto contractual como extracontractual. El artículo 217 de la Ley 1/2000, de Enjuiciamiento Civil, impone al demandante la carga de demostrar los hechos constitutivos de su pretensión. En […]
DIGITAL SERVICES ACT (“DSA”): What has already changed on digital platforms since 2024?
The Digital Services Act (“DSA”), adopted by Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 October 2022, marked a structural shift in the way digital services operate within the European Union. Far from being an abstract regulatory exercise, the DSA has begun to produce visible effects on platform architectures, interfaces […]